BigTables

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MongoDB (from "humongous") is a scalable, high-performance, open source, dynamic-schema, document-oriented database. Written in C++, MongoDB features:

- Document-oriented storage (the power and flexibility of JSON-like data schemas)
- Dynamic queries
- Full index support, including secondary indexes, inner-objects, embedded arrays, geospatial
- Query profiling
- Fast, in-place updates
- Efficient storage of binary data large objects (e.g. photos and videos)
- Replication and fail-over support
- Auto-sharding for cloud-level scalability
- MapReduce for complex aggregation

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Voldemort is a distributed key-value storage system

- Data is automatically replicated over multiple servers.
- Data is automatically partitioned so each server contains only a subset of the total data
- Server failure is handled transparently
- Pluggable serialization is supported to allow rich keys and values including lists and tuples with named fields, as well as to integrate with common serialization frameworks like Protocol Buffers, Thrift, and Java Serialization
- Data items are versioned to maximize data integrity in failure scenarios without compromising availability of the system
- Each node is independent of other nodes with no central point of failure or coordination
- Good single node performance: you can expect 10-20k operations per second depending on the machines, the network, the disk system, and the data replication factor
- Support for pluggable data placement strategies to support things like distribution across data centers that are geographically far apart.

It is used at LinkedIn for certain high-scalability storage problems where simple functional partitioning is not sufficient. It is still a new system which has rough edges, bad error messages, and probably plenty of uncaught bugs.

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Cassandra is a highly scalable, eventually consistent, distributed, structured key-value store. Cassandra brings together the distributed systems technologies from Dynamo and the data model from Google's BigTable. Like Dynamo, Cassandra is eventually consistent. Like BigTable, Cassandra provides a ColumnFamily-based data model richer than typical key/value systems.

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